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Revision Tips Check your syllabus so that you know what topics you need to cover. Make sure you know which tier you have been entered for - foundation,intermediate or higher.Find out which formulae i..

177: Types of Shareholders

Shareholders are group owners of a company Directors Elected by shareholdersResponsible for running the businessSome have enough shares to exert controlWorker directors ?..

178: Objectives and conflicts between stakeholders

Shareholder want good and regular returns, as well as a say.Managers want responsibility, rewards, lack of interferenceEmployees want secure and well paying jobs, interesting jobsCu..

179: Business Stakeholders

people who have an interest in the business, and are affected by the operation of the business. Internal Stakeholders Are part of the business organizationExamples: owners, shareholders, m..

180: Arguments against privatisation

Expensive: advertising, taxpayersMonopolies createdSold for too littleDuplication of resources, due to public loss of monopoliesAny loss making shut down, minority?s loose outSharehol..

181: Impact of privatisation

profit is an important objectiveDecrease in pricesCut back on staffing levelsIncreased investmentDevelopment and diversificationMergers and takeovers ..

182: Reasons for Privatization

Generates income for the governmentNationalized industries were inefficientDeregulation results in improvement of prices and quality of services for consumersLittle political interferenceI..

183: Types of business organisation - Public Sector

Organizations owned or controlled by the state Features Non-rivalry ? consumption of the good by one individual does not reduce the amount available for others.Non..

184: Types of business organisation - Private Sector

Private sector ? business set up by individuals or groups of individuals Unincorporated business No legal difference between owners and the business Incorporated business Bus..

185: Why set up a business

IndependenceIncrease rewardsDue to redundancyCommitment to a productHobbiesSatisfy creative needsCan?t find employmentDissatisfaction ..

186: Classification of business activity

Primary Taking natural resources from the earth Secondary Transforming raw materials into goods Tertiary Provision of a service ..

187: PEST Analysis

Political GovernmentLegal frameworkTaxes Economic Economic climateWorld eventsOther businesses Social Women?s independenceConsumer tastes Technological Limits it causesCosts Some..

188: Types of consumer goods

Durable Repeatedly use for a long timeE.g. TV, book, cars Non durable Those goods used up right awayE.g. soap, crisps, cornflakes Capital goods Goods bought by businesses to produce other goods..

189: Business Functions

A business is a system Production Changing natural resources into a productSupply of a service Marketing Identifying consumer needs and satisfying themMarket researchAdvertisingPac..

190: SL Psychology Notes

Psychology Notes *Psychology - the scientific study of behavior and mental processes; humans and animals *As psychologists, the steps of study are: 1) Observe a) nervousness;..

191: Structuralism

Levi-Strauss analysed cultural phenomena such as languages, myths and kinship systems to discover what ordered patterns, or structures, they seemed to display. These, he suggested, could reveal the ..

192: Ethnicity / Ethnic Groups

Ethnicity- the identification of individuals with particular ethnic groups Ethnic groups are usually limited to minorities; groups that are smaller than the dominant group in their society. The com..

193: Functionalism

Functionalism is a system used by cultures which concentrates on and emphasises the functional interactions of cultures and societies, i.e. why and how certain rituals, daily chores etc. are perform..

194: Poverty

Contribution by anthropologists to issues such as poverty- Development anthropology- efforts by anthropologists to improve the well-being of people in the ?developing? countries, in areas such as he..

195: Symbolism

A symbol is something human beings use to stand for something else (Needham). Animals, as well as humans, have been said to use symbols, e.g. sign language, computer keys in apes. But they do not us..

196: Applying Concepts of cultural and social change to ethnographies

Yanomamo - Many of the changes that are occurring among the Yanomamo are the result of the increasing Catholic mission activities at their several main posts of Ocamo, Mavaca and Platanal and the e..

197: Development versus Dependency theory

- How does Frank?s ?dependency theory? differ from the traditional ?development theory?? The conventional view of the undeveloped countries denies them a history: ?To classify these countries as ?t..

198: The role of the anthropologist

- Development anthropology- efforts by anthropologists to improve the well-being of people in the ?developing? countries in areas such as health care, education, and agriculture. - Development anth..

199: Social and Cultural Change; Causes and Results

Causes - Globalisation- contact - Economic growth - Changes of subsistence - Technology - Natural Changes - Colonialism - Leader - Conflict within a country - Inventions Results - Alcoholis..

200: The Process of Social and Cultural Change

What Processes bring about cultural change? Leslie White?s ?cultural materialist? theory (1971) states that there are 3 sub-systems: 1) Technological- material culture used to exploit environment (..

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